Faculty of Science

Objectives

To give an understanding of chemical equilibrium, equations of state and general thermodynamic relations and statistical physics.

Contents

Equations of state and General Thermodynamic relations: Helmholtz and Gibbs functions, Energy equation Maxwell relations, Enthalpy, Specific heat relations, Thermal expansivity, Compressibility; Statistical Physics: Equilibrium distribution, Partition function, Equipartition of energy, Degeneracy, Sterling’s approximation, Bose - Einstein Statistics, Classical Maxwell - Boltzmann – Model, Fermi - Dirac Statistics, Microscopic interpretation of heat and work, The constant A and B, Disorder, Entropy and information; Application of Statistical Physics: Properties and partition functions, The ideal monatomic gas, Diatomic and polyatomic gases, The solid state, The electron gas, Conductors and semiconductors, the photon gas (black body radiation); ensemble and interacting system; critical phenomena; Joule-Kelvin effect; Liquefaction of gases; Critical state; Critical point; exponents; Higher-order transitions of liquid and solid Helium; Chemical Equilibrium; Dalton's law, Gibb's Theorem, Entropy and Gibbs function of a Mixture of inert ideal gases, Chemical equilibrium and its conditions, Thermodynamic equations for a phase, Chemical potentials, Degree of reaction. Ideal Gas Reactions, Heat of reaction, Nernst's Equation, Affinity, Displacement equilibrium Heat capacity of Reacting gases in equilibrium, Third law of thermodynamics and negative temperatures, Nuclear Magnetism.

Prerequisite: